What type of communication involves sending messages without words through facial expressions and gestures?

Nonverbal communication encompasses the transmission of messages without the use of spoken or written language. This method includes various forms of expressive behavior such as facial expressions, body language, gestures, and even posture. These nonverbal cues can convey emotions and attitudes, often emphasizing or contradicting verbal messages. For instance, a smile can suggest friendliness, while crossed arms may indicate defensiveness or discomfort. Nonverbal communication plays a crucial role in interpersonal interactions, enhancing or altering the meaning of what is being communicated verbally.

In contrast, the other options focus on different ways of conveying information. Written communication relies on the written word, verbal communication centers on spoken language, and visual communication primarily involves images or visual aids to convey messages. Each of these forms serves important functions, but they do not capture the essence of expressing messages through nonverbal means like facial expressions and gestures do.